South African Food Security and the lack of Transport Systems essays

South African Food Security and the absence of Transport Systems articles South African Food Security and the absence of Transport Systems Farming is frequently a significant piece of any nations economy. It not just fills in as a methods for taking care of the countries individuals, yet in addition may fill in as a fantastic fare to different nations. We are for the most part acquainted with Florida Oranges, Idaho Potatoes, and even Wisconsin Cheese. These have gotten well known for their novel taste or maybe just attractiveness, which is a significant procedure of groceries close to the transportation frameworks. For instance, in light of the fact that our own in the U.S. are cutting-edge, it permits us to get certain harvests, for example, rice from Japan in an ideal, ease way. Nonetheless, in the SADC (Southern African Development Council) it isn't unreasonably simple. All through this paper we will investigate why that is from past to introduce, characterize horticultural turn of events and offer reasons why a sufficient vehicle framework is essential. African farming advancement history can be separated into four periods: Pre-pioneer, pilgrim, post-provincial and present day. There is likenesses and contrasts between these periods that may offer some knowledge to how Africa developed into the circumstances they currently face. Horticulture as of now was characterized by resource cultivating and moving development because of a marsh populace. All food or most was developed for utilization by ranchers and other people who lived close by and was legitimately connected to sustenance. Right now transport frameworks were basically superfluous. Horticulture during the frontier time frame, 1880 to mid 1960, was definitely changed and abandoned acting naturally adequate to nearly starvation. Colonization forced the cultivating of money crops alongside a few market and expense strategies. This isolated agribusiness structure nourishment, the foundation of African cultivating. The land should have been under steady development, as opposed to occasional which was another way the Europeans abuse ... <!

Ethical Dilemna Assignment Jehi Mcmath Brain death case Research Paper

Moral Dilemna Assignment Jehi Mcmath Brain demise case - Research Paper Example It is in reacting to such cases as this that, WHO organized emotional well-being too is as mental wounds. This was to lessen inability just as early mental issue. Morally, it would be unsound for the clinical work force to do the activity o the patient when the individual is under such extraordinary torment (Chakrabarti, 2014). However, despite what might be expected, one would find this isn't recognized by the conventions and best acts of medicine. Given that in arrangement five, the medical attendant owes indistinguishable obligations to self from to other people, including the duty to protect uprightness and wellbeing, to look after capability, and to proceed with individual and expert development. At the point when a patient makes demands that repudiate the guidelines set somewhere around the clinical field. This may happen when the patient is in incredible torment with insignificant odds of endurance. The patient may look to apply for a moderate and a kind passing. This mama gets a complaint from the clinical authority in light of the fact that, it is equivalent to murder of the guiltless. Now and then such and attempt may even pull in a fain of a prison term or even both. These are a portion of the difficulties that may trouble the attendants. In the light of the way that, in arrangement eight; the attendant works together with other wellbeing experts and people in general in advancing network, national and global endeavors to address medical problems. A nurse’s decisions visa viz the choices of the people in question. There are a few choices that might be reached by the patient. A portion of these choices might be exceptionally impeding to the patient. For instance, a patient who requests for a release, when it is clear that the individual won't get the truly necessary consideration at home condition. Humanness contrary to the principles that educate clinical practice has similarly ready a predicament to the doctors. This happens when, for example, there offensive guidelines that may

Book Riots Deals of the Day for October 2nd, 2018

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Pop Culture Response - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 541 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Culture Essay Level High school Tags: Pop Culture Essay Did you like this example? In Viewers make meaning from the book Practices of Looking by Marita Sturken and Lisa Cartwright, the authors imply that the dominant class has the power to create culture through various cultural institutions such as intellectuals, media, and social leaders. The principal concept of this reading rests upon the explanation of encoding and decoding a particular message by a producer and audience, respectively. At the stage of an artifact production, the authors assert that producers encode their intended meaning into the artifact that aims to influence how the audience perceive such an object. The artifact(and its implanted meaning) then decode or interpret differently by the audience. In other words, producers of an artifact have a specific message of which they are trying to inform the audience. But in reality, often time the audiences own meaning generated after seeing the artifact would probably be completely different from the intended meaning from the producers. This is a result of peoples taste on cultural products, preferences that been influenced by experiences relating to ones class, cultural background, education, and other aspects of identity(Practices of Looking, p. 48). The producers, however, have the power to shape the audiences interpretation by utilizing taste as well as ideologies. According to Stuart Hall in the reading, there are three different viewpoints that viewers can take as decoders of cultural images and artifacts: (1) Dominant-hegemonic, is the position when readers completely agree with the dominant message from the producers; (2) Negotiated reading, occurs when readers negotiating an interpretation from artifact and its dominant meanings, it is in the stage of both acceptance and rejection of an intended meaning, and (3) Oppositional reading, is the idea of completely disagreeing the ideological content within an artifact. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Pop Culture Response" essay for you Create order A classic example for this discussion is the war between Apple MacBook and PC laptop. I choose to decode this piece of popular culture because I am a believer in PC laptop. Although I do consume Apple products to a certain degree, I do not necessarily share any common interpretation or purchasing desire toward Apple Macbook. As a clarification, it is very uncommon today for an average person to not knowing Apple MacBook or not seeing its advertisement. we have all seen the pictures below and know what Apples marketing stands for. Apple uses ideology as well as a juxtaposition to influence the viewer to create their own meaning. The message Apples ideology carries, of course, is that MacBooks are better than PCs in every aspect. As we can see in Apples advertising, the MacBook is seen as more technological advances and suitable for modern lifestyles than the PC because of its artistic design and limitless functionalities. While I do not agree with the ad completely, many people did. A s a result, people purchased Macbooks, despite being told to do so. Little did these people know, this is exactly what the producers want you to act. By giving people the option to come up with their own meaning of the image they witness while implementing various ideologies to influence their perception. Therefore, of the three viewpoints discussed in the reading, my decoding of Apples MacBook advertising would largely be considered negotiated and, oppositional when comes to computer hardware qualities and other features that actually determine its purchasability.

I Attended The Orlando Museum Of Art - 1307 Words

In art, there are qualities that speak louder than words. It expresses many different messages and emotions and each person has an experience different from the next. In this paper, I will be discussing two artworks I encountered. The piece is a good example of how people can encounter different experiences in one piece. I attended the Orlando Museum of Art a while back with family and overall enjoyed my experience. On my visit, I found the museum quite impressive and felt a deep connection with specific pieces. Two exhibits, in particular, interest me, Isabel Manalo’s Stitching the Seam and Lewis Hine’s Kindred Spirits. They were both beautiful exhibits, simple, yet complicated, and had deeper meaning behind the artwork. Isabel Manalo’s exhibit, Stitching the Seam, as a whole stuck with me. I could not pick just one piece because it was all extremely interesting and touching. Made of acrylic, hand-sewn stitching with thread, photographs of vellum, yupo, abaca and mylar, and graphite, the exhibit was released in 2013. The piece is abstract, yet representational as everything used in the work has a purpose and meaning that are dear to Manalo’s heart. The hand-sewn collages reflect Manalo’s life, from a child up until now. The stitching in her work represents her mother and the dresses she would make for Manalo as a child. A pre-colonial Philippine alphabet, called Baybayin, was used to write words and emotions she has had towards her journey in being a daugh ter, mother, wife,Show MoreRelatedEvent Analysis : Event Management1381 Words   |  6 Pagesto analyze one of these venues or a venue that I’ve visited in the past. Since I am a sport management major that obliviously mean that I’m a vivid sports fan. Also, I am a local to the Tampa Bay area so I’ve have visited many of these venues several times. For this assignment, I decided to go with the Amway Center which is the home of The Orlando Magic who is an American professional basketball team based in Orlando Florida, that have been around since 1989. The president is Alex Martins, Team managerRead MoreWalt Disney : An American Entrepreneur, Film Producer, And Animator Changed The World Of Entertainment1825 Words   |  8 Pagesbetween Marceline, Missouri and Kansas City. On the farm during Disney s free time, he and his older brother, Roy would go to the farm and do chores. Walt attended school at McKinley High School and he took part in drawing and writing c artoons for the school s newspaper. (Encyclopedia of World Biography pg.26; Garraty pg. 129) Before the World War I had started Disney and his family moved to Kansas where his father opened up a newspaper delivery service. Walt and his brother Roy would both have toRead MoreSynopsis Of Disney Disneyland Opening Day2642 Words   |  11 Pagesthe studio began to crank out cartoons with Mickey, Donald, Goofy, Pluto and others in WWII propaganda shorts. Disney Childhood Cartoon. Disney and More. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Jan. 2015. http://disneyandmore.blogspot.com/2009/09/walt-disney-family-museum-grand-opening.html This pictures shows one of Walt Disney’s early cartoons. Disney Family. D23 the Official Disney Fan Club. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2015. https://d23.com/this-day/walts-sister-ruth-flora-disney-beecher-is-bornpictured-left-Read MoreLeonardo Di Caprio2187 Words   |  9 Pagesartist Leonardo da Vinci, as his pregnant mother was standing in front of a da Vinci painting at a museum in Italy when DiCaprio first kicked.[6] His parents divorced when he was one. He lived mostly with his mother, although his father was around intermittently. During his childhood, he attended Seeds Elementary School. He was interested in baseball cards, comic books and frequently visited museums, with his father. DiCaprio and his mother lived in several neighborhoods, such as Echo Park. DuringRead MoreJohn green Essay example6063 Words   |  25 Pages  Looking for Alaska,  and reached number one on a  New York Times Best Seller list  with  The Fault in Our Stars  in January 2012. Green was born in Indianapolis to Mike and Sydney Green  and his family moved three weeks after he was born  to  Orlando, Florida.  He attended Lake Highland Preparatory School  and  Indian Springs School  (which he later used as the main setting for  Looking for Alaska),  a boarding and day school outside of  Birmingham, Alabama  and graduated from  Kenyon College  in 2000 with a doubleRead MoreMy First Day Of My Internship Essay2368 Words   |  10 PagesI walked into a 7th grade science classroom on the first day of my internship; it was the first time I was in a kindergarten through twelfth grade (K-12) public school classroom since 2003. I choose this school myself, in an affluent area of my home county of Forsyth, instead of being most likely placed in an â€Å"inner-city† working-class Greensboro school, as I felt this would be the easiest way to ease myself back into the K-12 mindset. This particular middle school feeds into the two highest achievingRead MoreBlue Man Case Study Essay10220 Words   |  41 Pageseconomy, they would have to assume the worst and make some dramatic changes. By 2008, Blue Man Group sales had climbed to approximately $90 million,2 and employees numbered approximately 580. CMP had become known as much as the heads of a performance arts empire as creative geniuses. The three co-founders bought out their original producer early on to gain creative control, but over the years had been involved in numerous production partnerships and other collaborations. They were far from done,Read MoreEffects of Rap Music on Crime14002 Words   |  57 Pagesconcern and censorious complaint than heavy metal because of what was assumed to be its largely black fan base. At the same time, she identifies an important counter frame, one component of which elevates rap (but not heavy metal) to the status of an art form with serious political content. In both the mainstream press (i.e., The New York Times) and publications targeting a predominately black readership (i.e., Ebony and Jet), she finds rap lauded for the salutary lessons that it imparts to black youthRead MoreThe Government and Not-For-Profit Environment100975 Words   |  404 Pages|â€Å"Net Income† |$.09 million | The cash basis financial statement would best demonstrate compliance with the budget but the non-cash basis financial statement would best convey results of operations. As a citizen, I would like to see both because legal compliance is important to me but so are results of operations. It may take both statements to fully inform the public about operations. [Note: At this point students have not been exposed to modified accrualRead MoreHk Disney16299 Words   |  66 PagesI. Executive Summary This marketing service plan on Hong Kong Disneyland aims to give concrete recommendations for the improvement of the theme park’s service marketing mix elements or 8Ps. Other than the different recommendations, this paper also contains various information regarding Hong Kong Disneyland’s current situation as well as other related vital knowledge needed for the service plan, such as; Industry Analysis, Competitive Analysis, TOWS analysis and TOWS matrix. The industry analysis

Steps of the New Induction Program Free Essays

string(173) " Plantation Act of 1863 makes provisions that if the workers failed to complete their period of contract, they should be imprisoned for a period not exceeding three months\." SWelcomes the new comer to the organization. 2. Explain the overall objectives of the company and the department. We will write a custom essay sample on Steps of the New Induction Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3. Explain the employees’ role in achieving the objectives. 4. Show the location or place of work. 5. Handover the rules and job descriptions. 6. Give detail the training opportunities and promotional advancement. 7. Discuss the working conditions. 8. Furnish all details regarding salary and benefits. 9. Guide the employees through a tour of entire of the organization. 10.The induction program usually done either by formal induction program and or by informal induction program. Some large organizations follow the formal induction program, which carefully planned induction-orientation training program helps a new employee to quickly adjust to the new surroundings, assimilate the new culture, and Reduce Insecurity, Reduced Anxiety, Reduced Cultural Shock, and Reduced Exploitation. In some medium and small organizations informal induction program is carried out either by Supervisor system and or Buddy or Sponsor system.Elements of good Induction Programme A good induction programme has three main elements which is described below: 1. Introductory Information: Introductory information regarding the history of the company and company’s products, its organizational structure, policies, rules and regulations etc. should be given informally or in group session in the personnel department. It will help the candidates to understand the company and the organizational policies and standards well. 2.On the Job Information: Further information should be given to the new employee by the department supervisor in the department concerned where he is placed on the job about departmental facilities and requirements such as nature of the job, the extent of his liability and the employee activities such as recreational facilities, safety measures, job routine etc. 3. Follow up Interviews: A follow up interview should be arranged several weeks after the employee has been on the job by the supervisor or a representative of the personnel department to answer the problems that are a new employee may have on the job. . 7 EMPLOYEE SEPARATION Employees separate from the campus in a variety of ways. Some separations are voluntary and initiated by the employee, such as resignation or retirement. Others are involuntary and initiated by management, such as lay off or medical separation. The death of an employee or dismissal for cause creates unique challenges. Each type of separation requires specific, different actions by you, though some processes are common to all. Your common sense and good judgment will serve you well in response to the special circumstances that arise with each employee’s separation.Whatever the circumstances, every employee leaving the campus, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, should feel they were treated with respect. Keep this goal in mind as you review the guidelines for different types of separations in this chapter. ? Death of an Employee ? Dismissal ? Exit Interviews ? Job Abandonment ? Lay off ? Medical Separation ? Resignation ? Retirement Training benefits There are numerous reasons for supervisors to conduct training among employees. These reasons include: ? Increased job satisfaction and morale among employees. Increased employee motivation. ? Increased efficiencies in processes, resulting in financial gain. ? Increased capacity to adopt new technologies and methods. ? Increased innovation in strategies and products. ? Reduced employee turnover. ? Enhanced company image, e. g. , conducting ethics training (not a good reason for ethics raining! ). Reasons for emphasizing the growth and development of personnel include: ? Creating a pool of readily available and adequate replacements for personnel who may leave or move up in the organization. Enhancing the company’s ability to adopt and use advances in technology because of a sufficiently knowledgeable staff. ? Building a more efficient, effective and highly motivated team, which enhances the company’s competitive position and improves employee morale. ? Ensuring adequate human resources for expansion into new programs. Research has shown specific benefits that a small business receives from training and developing its workers, including: ? Increased productivity. ? Reduced employee turnover. ? Increased efficiency resulting in financial gains. Decreased need for supervision.EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES: AN INDIAN 1. 7 PERSPECTIVE Kautilya’s Period: Kautilya provides a systematic treatment of management of human resources as early as in the 4th Century B. C. in his treatise titled ‘Arthashastra’. ? There prevailed logical procedures and principles in respect of labour organizations such as ‘Shreni’ or Guild system and the cooperative sector. ? The wages were paid strictly in terms of quantity and quality of work turned out, and punishments were imposed for unnecessary delaying the work or spoiling it. Kautilya provides an excellent discussion on staffing and personnel management embracing job descriptions, qualifications for job, selection procedure, and executive development, incentive systems (Carrot and Stick approach). Varnasharm: There are several indications regarding the operations of principles of the divisions of labour. The concept of Varnashram or caste system was originally based on these principles: ? The individuals, who used to earn their livelihood by engaging themselves in activities such as teaching, sacrifice or state management, were designed as Brahmins. Individuals engaged in the areas of trade, business and agriculture were called ‘Vaishyas’ and those devoting themselves to manual work were known as ‘Shudras’. Later on, these professions emerged to be heredity which facilitated the transfer of skills and training from one generation to another. The Medieval: (As regard to Indian Economy in Medieval India): Although there were a lul l because of numerous foreign aggressions for around 700 years, during the Mughal Rule, the Indian trade and commerce were reviewed.Several ‘Karkhanas’ were established at Agra, Delhi, Lahore, Ahmedabad and various other places. ? A majority of the artisans and the craftsmen had extremely poor conditions of existences and lived on starvation level. ? The productivity of workers was very low, low wages, climatic conditions and poor physique were the major factors responsible for it. British Period: There prevailed laissez-faire policy towards business. ? As it is evidenced in the report of the Indigo Commission, the working conditions were appalling, living conditions were subhuman, and several abuses prevailed in Indigo plantations.Again, as regards tea plantation, several cases of inhuman cruelties caused to the workers are encountered. ? Even the Plantation Act of 1863 makes provisions that if the workers failed to complete their period of contract, they should be imprisoned for a period not exceeding three months. You read "Steps of the New Induction Program" in category "Papers" ? The labourers who attempted to run away were subjected to imprisonment whipping and allied extreme punishments. ? Accordingly, the workers were entirely helpless in the face of organized and powerful European Planters. The above conditions prevailed till the enactment of the Factory Act of 1881.According to the Act; the workers employed in the factories were allowed a weekly off day, and provisions were also made for inspection as well as limiting the hours of work for women workers to 11 per day. The Act further provided that the minimum age of children for employment should be seven years and that the maximum working hours for them should not exceed seven hours a day and that too in the day shift. In 1890, the first labour organization designated as ‘Bombay Mill Hands Association’ was established.Subsequently, in 1905, the Printers Union at Calcutta and in 1907, the Postal Union at Bombay were established. The Madras Labour Union was organized thereafter in 1918. In 1920, the indentured labour system involving migration of Indian labour to other countries on contract basis, was abolished as a result of a strong national movement. In the same year, the Central Labour Board was established to federate the different unions in the Bombay city and the All India Trade Union Congress was organized.In 1923, for the first time in the organized sector, Tata Steel appointed K. A. Naoroji as a labour or welfare officer to look after labour issues in the various departments of the steel work. The formal implementation of the Indian Trade Union Act, 1926 forms a landmark in the history of industrial relations in this country. The Royal Commission on Labour (1929–1931) recommended the appointment of labour officers or liaison officers to deal with recruitment as measures to prevent corrupt practices in Indian industry. They were considered a recruitment officers directly reporting to general manager. As the commission observed, ‘No employee should be engaged except by the labour officer personally in consultation with the departmental head, and none should be dismissed without his consent except by the manager after hearing what the labour officer had to say’ accordingly, the Bombay Mill Owners Association and the Indian Jute Mills Association appointed labour officers in 1935 and 1938, respectively.During World War II, the need for mobilizing labour support was felt and thus, several welfare officers were appointed to deal with working conditions, canteen, ration shops, recreations, medical facilities, worker’s housing and allied fringe benefits. Post-Independence Period: With the emergence of compulsory adjudication under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, the welfare officers were made responsible for handling the disputes and adjudication pertaining to the conditions of serv ices including wages, leaves, retirement benefits and bonus.Thus, they became industrial relations officers and started performing industrial relations functions such as collective bargaining, conciliation, and adjudication. Employment Exchange (Compulsory notification of vacancies) Act, 1959 and the Apprentices Act, 1961 were passed to regulate recruitment and training of workers, respectively. In the view of growing labour legislation commencing with the right to hire and ending with right to fire, the employees tended to employ welfare or labour officers with a legal background. 21st session of standing Labour conference held in Dec. 963 recommended that the functions of welfare officer and personnel officers should be precisely demarcated and that the former should not be responsible for dealing with disciplinary cases against workers or appears in court on behalf of the management against the workers in labour dispute cases. Personnel Management during 1970s: In the early seventies, as Punekar observes, the personnel field covered under three major areas of professional disciplines: (1) Labour welfare, (2) Industrial relations, and (3) Personnel administration.These three areas revealed the chronological order of the development of the personnel field. Immediately after industrialization, labour welfare, mainly social reformist in nature, came into the picture. The inevitable emergence of trade unions resistance organizations to employers opened the field of industrial (or Union-Management) relations. Lastly, with the development of scientific management of industry, personnel administration took root. The three areas of labour welfare, industrial relations and personnel administration were being looked after the three professional functionaries: (1) Welfare officer, (2) Labour officer, and (3) Personnel officer. However, in the early 80s, the area of labour officer largely merged with personnel administration and refers to as personnel management. Personnel Management during 1980s: In 1980s HRM was regarded as a specialized rofession such as that of other professional functions. In addition to industrial relations functions (although sometimes the industrial relations formed a separate branch), the personnel branch was responsible for varied functions i. e. , employment, safety training, wages and salary administration and research and development. Indeed, the activities involved in the personnel department were akin to those performed in this department in other western countries. Specially, where the personnel, industrial relations and welfare functions were combined in one department, three categories of activities relating to these functions were obtained. The personnel department involves in technical and allied services. Thus, industrial relation activities including contract negotiations, grievance handling, preparation and presentation of arbitration cases and research in labour problems; for educational activities including employee training, supervisory training, organizational planning and management development, communication programs etc. for wage and salary administration, including preparation of job descriptions, job evaluations, incentive and profits sharing systems and executive compensation; for employment activities, such as recruiting, psychological testing, medical examination, interviewing, and employee record keeping; and technical services: health and welfare measures. The personnel manager’s role is to advice. Usually, advise th e line and top management in respect of legal matters regarding the termination of services and transfer, human relations problems confronting the line managers and technical procedures in areas, such as wages and salary administration.In some instances, the personnel manager was required to advise management regarding the improvement of human climate in the organization. Human Resource Management during 1990s: During 1990s a new human resources management has emerged, especially as a result of the globalization and liberalization. The economy and the policy of India is fast changing in the wake of liberalization policies mooted in year 1990. Consequently the form and content of capitalist relations between the various factors of production are undergoing a change.What has emerged a new era of HR Management? As a result of liberalization and globalization the human resources management and industrial relations have acquired strategic importance. The success of the new policies mostly depends on to a large extent, on the introduction of new industrial relations and human resources policies at the national and the organizational levels. The pressure of change is already visible in the economy and witnessed in the industrial relations and HRM areas.The world economic order is also changing rapidly. Evolutionary changes are taking place at revolutionary pace, largely influenced by the external forces, arising out of a desire to increase competitiveness and efficiency. Centrally planned economics are opening up to have their tryst with counterpart of free market economy. Structural adjustments and reforms are holding sway establishing primary of economic imperatives over dogmatic political compulsions.Organization today working in a commercially competitive global economic environment are struggling for their own survival and growth. The liberalizations and bold economic reforms by Government have thrown out many challenges and opportunities to the Indian industry. With explosion of the Information and communication technology, increased global competition, fast changing market conditions, the deregulations etc. organizations have to redesign their strategies and outlook to HRM. How to cite Steps of the New Induction Program, Papers

The Tale of Two Presidents Essay Example

The Tale of Two Presidents Essay What makes a good president?   Consequently, what makes an great president?   How does one measure the greatness of a political leader?   In the history of the United States, Franklin Roosevelt is revered as a great American president.   On the other hand, Jimmy Carter is not perceived the same way.   This essay aims to discuss the differences between the two presidents and discover how these differences result in the peoples perception of their presidency.Franklin Delano Roosevelt is considered as one of the great presidents of the United States.   If the longevity of ones presidential term is used to measure a presidents greatness, then Roosevelt is indeed a great president.   Roosevelt was the 32nd American president; his term lasted from 1933 to 1945 (Rosen, 1992).   His is the longest term in the history of the American presidency; he was the only president who exceeded two terms in office (Roosevelt â€Å"Impact,† 2008; Franklin, n.d.).   However, it is more important to note that what he did during his presidency is more significant than the actual length of service.During the time of Roosevelt, the United States was still suffering from the Great Depression, a period marked by the most severe economic situation the country had ever faced (Rosen, 1992).   Between his election and inauguration, the economic state continued to worsen; more and more people were unemployed, while banks continued to suffer as people in panic withdrew all their savings (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).   As president, it became his task to save his country from the economic slump it was facing.It was his character that truly made him an exceptional president.   Roosevelt was optimistic and confident, despite the dire economic conditions he had to deal with (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).   It was his self-confidence that was the source of assurance for the American people, who were losing hope in such problematic times.   He also was a pragmatic and flexible president.   He said that he will try to do something about the depression; if his plan works, he will proceed in solving the next problem.   If his plan does not work, he will  Ã‚   figure out what went wrong and try another option.   He also connected with the public with his â€Å"fireside chats,† which were broadcast on the radio (Rosen, 1992, p. 308).   It is these qualities that made him an epitome of great leadership (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).Roosevelt was a great president because he modified the role the federal government played in the economic and corporate aspects of American life (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).  Ã‚   He was able to do so through the New Deal, his plan in solving the economic problems of the country (Rosen, 1992).   As part of the New Deal, there was a period called â€Å"Hundred Days,† which was characterized by the passage of many bills that sought to improve the co untrys economic issues (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008, para.7).   The first sector Roosevelt acted on was the banking sector.   He first declared a â€Å"bank holiday† to halt the people from withdrawing their savings from the struggling banks (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008, para.8).   This gave way for the federal government to determine which banks were to be kept open, which had to be reorganized, and which ones should remain closed.   One of the outcomes of the legislative efforts of the Roosevelt administration is the Banking Act of 1935.   It is that which provided the country a central structure for banking (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).Roosevelt was a great president because he resolved the issues regarding unemployment and agriculture.   Through the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, Roosevelt allotted a significant amount of money to those without jobs (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).   Through the Civilian C onservation Corps, thousands of young men were hired to work in construction, planting and cleaning.   During his time, he also had to address the problem of decreasing prices which also decreased the farmers earnings.   As a result, the Agricultural Adjustment Act was passed (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).   These are only some of the successes of the Roosevelt administration.Roosevelt continued his efforts with the â€Å"Second Hundred Days,† which was more focused on labor and the workers welfare (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008, para. 26).   He established the Works Progress Administration, which sought to ensure the employment of many Americans in fields such as construction and even the arts.   Then there was the Wagner-Connery National Labor Relations Act, which allowed workers the right of collective bargaining and organization.   In addition, the Social Security Act of 1935 gave way to programs which permitted assistance and insurance to the elderly and unemployed, as well as provided aid to those who are physically handicapped or with children (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).Roosevelt was also responsible for causing a political change in the American presidency through reorganization.   Through the Executive Reorganization bill of 1939, he was able to modify the function of the White House by giving more responsibilities to the presidency (Roosevelt â€Å"Impact,† 2008).   As part of the reorganization, six executive assistants were assigned to the President (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).   The reorganization also gave the Roosevelt more involvement in the decision making in government, such as planning the budget (Roosevelt â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).Roosevelts greatness as president may have been evident in his domestic contributions but he also proved successful in international affairs.   From the beginning, Roosevelt believed that the United States had a global responsibi lity to fulfill (Roosevelt â€Å"Foreign,† 2008).   One of his most notable accomplishments as president was his â€Å"good neighbor† policy (Roosevelt â€Å"Foreign,† 2008, para. 5).   However, his skill as leader became most evident when the Second World War occurred.   Roosevelt helped the countrys allies without being directly involved in the fighting (Roosevelt â€Å"Impact,† 2008). Since the United States assumed a neutral position towards the war, the American government could not directly participate or assist other countries in war.   However, Roosevelt was still able to help other countries through the Lend-Lease initiative and â€Å"Atlantic Charter† (Roosevelt â€Å"Foreign,† 2008, para. 16).   It was not until the Pearl Harbor Bombing when the United States officially went to war (Roosevelt â€Å"Foreign,† 2008).Through his numerous accomplishments, it is no surprise that Roosevelt is considered as a great presi dent.   This is not to say that he was a perfect leader; he did encounter problems, failures and even opposition.   However, his achievements have overshadowed the negative aspects of his presidency.   This is not the same case for Jimmy Carter, though.   Despite the achievements he had during his term, Carter was most identified with the problems that haunted his administration.Unlike Roosevelt, Carter only served a single term in the White House.   As the 39th President of the United States, his presidency lasted from 1977 to 1981 (Stacks, 1992).   He lost his reelection bid to Ronald Reagan (Stacks, 1992).Character and personality may have also played a great role in the perception that Carter was a bad president.   Carter was down-to-earth, but he was also austere (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).   He was a gentleman from the South with strong sense of religion and values.   However, he lacked what Roosevelt had: confidence.   He once gave what was refe rred to as â€Å"malaise† speech, in which he expressed uncertainty over the future of the country (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008, para.12).   Unlike the confident Roosevelt, who became the source of hope for Americans, Carter’s lack of confidence over his own country and people did little to improve the American situation.   To make things worse, in light of their distrust in his leadership, he blamed his fellowmen on the weakening of the American spirit (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).Another contributor to Carter’s tarnished reputation as president is the bad press or his portrayal to the media.   The negative media image was in part derived from his uptight personality, but it was the scandals and controversies which included people that were associated with Carter either personally or professionally that worsened the people’s perception of him (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).One of Carter’s greatest accomplishments as p resident is the policy concerning energy (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).   The United States was extremely dependent on oil during the 1970s, and the oil imports for energy kept increasing every year.   Carter vowed to reduce the dependency of energy on oil, and he worked to make it happen.   Through his efforts, the Emergency Natural Gas Act was passed to allow the U.S. government to promote natural gas.   He also established the Department of Energy, the institution responsible for utilizing the present sources of energy as well as financing studies that would encourage the use of sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources.   These two are included in the extensive Carter policy on energy which increased the U.S. energy supply while decreasing oil prices.   Despite the relevance of the policy, the issue in itself was complicated; the people and the media could not fully grasp the importance of the policy.   What was easier to understand, however, was initial price increase that came with the program’s development.   This meant that Carter was not credited for the energy-related accomplishments of his administration (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).Carter’s negative image in the media was caused by certain issues that involved his family and members of his cabinet.   Carter’s sister, Ruth Carter Stapleton, was publicly seen holding the hands of a known pornographer (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).   Carter’s younger brother, Billy, has long been poked fun of because of â€Å"country-boy image† (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008, para.15).   However, the media’s scrutiny of Billy intensified when it was discovered that he had relations in Libya, the country from which he had received a large sum of money (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008; Stacks, 1992).   Meanwhile, one of the cabinet members that were involved in scandals was Bert Lance, the budget director o f the Carter administration and a close friend of the President (Stacks, 1992).   He was linked in questionable financial dealings which caused him to be fired (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008; Stacks, 1992).   However, even if there were no controversies that rocked the Carter administration, it was his personality that would eventually result in bad press.   This is because his stern image made him appear distant and arrogant to the public.   It also did not help that his pictures often misrepresent him (Carter â€Å"Domestic,† 2008).In international relations, the most notable accomplishment of Carter was the Camp David Accords (Carter â€Å"Foreign,† 2008).   In the 1970s, there was a conflict between Israel and Egypt.   In an effort to re-establish peace, Carter invited the Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and the President of Egypt Anwar Sadat to Camp David.   Carter’s efforts paid off as the two nations reached an amicable agreement (Carter â€Å"Foreign,† 2008).Despite the success of the Camp David Accords, it was Carter’s failures in dealing with foreign issues that became more notable.   While he was able to restore the Panama Canal to Panama, the events prior to the restoration caused Carter and his government much embarrassment (Carter â€Å"Foreign,† 2008; Stacks, 1992).Carter also failed to properly settle the conflict with Iran regarding the Shah (Carter â€Å"Foreign,† 2008; Stacks, 1992).   Iranians attacked the American embassy and took sixty-six people hostage (Carter â€Å"Foreign,† 2008).   Carter was not a skilled negotiator, and it took awhile before plans of a rescue were made.   The initial attempts to save the hostages were a failure, causing the death of several soldiers (Carter â€Å"Foreign,† 2008).   This caused further decline in the already waning popularity of the president.It appears that the greatness of an American president is ba sed not only in his achievements, but also in the image he portrays.   On one hand, Franklin Roosevelt is considered as a great president because his image and his achievements overshadow the struggles and faults of his governance.   On the other hand, Jimmy Carter is considered as bad president because his negative image to the media and his failures as a leader overshadows the achievements he had as president.ReferencesFranklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. (n.d.). Franklin D. Roosevelt.   Retrieved June 17, 2008, from http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/fdrbio.htmlMiller Center of Public Affairs. (2008). Franklin Delano Roosevelt: foreign affairs. American President. Retrieved June 17, 2008, from http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/fdroosevelt/essays/biography/5Miller Center of Public Affairs. (2008). Franklin Delano Roosevelt: impact and legacy. American President. Retrieved June 17, 2008, from http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/ fdroosevelt/essays/biography/9Miller Center of Public Affairs. (2008). Franklin Delano Roosevelt: domestic affairs. American President. Retrieved June 17, 2008, from http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/fdroosevelt/essays/biography/4Miller Center of Public Affairs. (2008). Jimmy Carter: domestic affairs. American President. Retrieved June 17, 2008, from http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/carter/essays/biography/4Miller Center of Public Affairs. (2008). Jimmy Carter: foreign affairs. American President. Retrieved June 17, 2008, from http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/carter/essays/biography/5Rosen, E.A. (1992). Roosevelt, Franklin Delano.   Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia (pp. 307-309).   New York: Lexicon Publications.Stacks, J.F. (1992). Carter, Jimmy. Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia (pp. 171-172). New York: Lexicon Publications.